Dr.Nasir Hussain Bukhari
Terrorism has been a long-standing issue in Pakistan, with various terrorist organizations posing a threat to the country’s security and stability. The recent incident of the Jaffar Express hijacking by the Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) is just one example of the many attacks that have been carried out by these groups. In order to understand the root causes of terrorism in Pakistan, it is important to analyze the political, social, and economic factors that have contributed to the rise of extremism in the country.
One of the major political reasons for the rise of terrorism in Pakistan is the involvement of external actors such as India and Afghanistan. The links between the BLA and RAW, the intelligence agency of India, have been well-established, and it is clear that these groups are receiving support and funding from across the border.
Similarly, the Taliban regime in Afghanistan has also been providing sanctuary to terrorist organizations like the Tehrik Taliban Pakistan (TTP), allowing them to launch attacks on Pakistani soil. The lack of cooperation and collaboration between Pakistan and its neighboring countries has only exacerbated the problem, leading to a rise in cross-border terrorism .
The historical animosity between Pakistan and Afghanistan has played a significant role in fueling terrorism in the region. The Afghan Taliban’s reluctance to crack down on terrorist groups operating within its borders can be attributed to a variety of reasons, including financial incentives, ideological alignment, and a deep-seated distrust of Pakistan. The failure of the two countries to establish a constructive relationship has allowed terrorist organizations to thrive, making it easier for them to carry out attacks in both countries.
On the social front, Pakistan’s diverse population and complex social fabric have also contributed to the spread of extremism. The marginalization of certain ethnic and religious groups, such as the Baloch and the Pashtuns, has created a sense of alienation and disenfranchisement among these communities, making them vulnerable to radicalization. The lack of economic opportunities and social mobility in these regions further exacerbates the problem, pushing many young people towards extremist ideologies as a means of venting their frustrations and seeking empowerment.
The economic disparities and inequalities that exist within Pakistan have also played a role in fostering terrorism. The lack of basic infrastructure, education, and healthcare in many parts of the country has left large segments of the population vulnerable to exploitation by extremist groups. The promise of financial support, social welfare, and a sense of belonging offered by these organizations can be tempting for those living in poverty or facing economic hardship, making them easy recruits for terrorist activities.
The Sardari (Tribal System) is mainly responsible for the rise of terrorism in Pakistan. The tribal chiefs have been exploiting the situation in Balochistan through playing on both ends. On one hand they were supporting the state to gain political power and on the other end they kept quiet to make the separatists happy to save their skin. This double role has not only become catalyst to expose them at local,national and global level but also discredit the tribal chiefs in the eyes of the youth of Balochistan. It provides the chance to terrorists organizations like BLA and BNA to malign the minds of the youth.
The terrorists and centrifugal forces have successfully disgruntled the young population which is annoyed with the state of Pakistan and tribal chiefs due to consistent propaganda on social media and within the social fabric. If Pakistan really wants to eliminate the threat to peace in Balochistan ,the legislation to end the tribal system, expanding the number of seats of people’s representative in provincial and national parliament is essential.
The suppression of tribal system that are mainly responsible for keeping Balochistan backward is the major cause but tribal chiefs being the electable owing to their suppression win to reach the federal and provincial legislative assemblies to play on the both ends. The state of Pakistan needs to establish a direct link with the young generation to provide them opportunities in all.sphers of life including politics to promote selfless politicians who can cater to the development of the province and people of Balochistan realistically.
In conclusion, the terrorism threatening Pakistan is a complex and multi-faceted issue that cannot be addressed through military means alone.
In order to effectively combat extremism and terrorism, the country must address the underlying political, social, and economic factors that have allowed these groups to flourish. This requires a comprehensive approach that includes diplomatic efforts to improve relations with neighboring countries, socio-economic development initiatives to address poverty and marginalization, and counter-radicalization programs to prevent the spread of extremist ideologies.
First, Only through a holistic and integrated strategy can Pakistan hope to rid itself of the scourge of terrorism and secure a peaceful and stable future for its citizens. The international support to eliminate this menace is essential. Pakistan must aggressively launch diplomatic campaigns to highlight the role of RAW and Afghanistan in this game of destabilizing Pakistani.
Second, The federal and provincial government must seek the support of the global community to uplift the Social development, communication infrastructure, education and health to develop the human index in Balochistan to defeat the centrifugal forces to eradicate their narrative of deprivation of Baloch.
Both provincial and federal governments must create a consensus that Balochistan will be given extra financial assistance than it’s real share in distribution of national financial resources to develop it. I would sum up that if Balochistan is developed it solely can feed the whole Pakistan due to its resources.
It is possible only through exhibiting a political will. The development of either economic or human development is possible through education. The free education ( general, vocational and professional) for all will miraculously change the situation in Balochistan, remember, Education builds the nations.
Third, the political will of PML N ,PPP and establishent for elimination of suppression of tribal chiefs in Balochistan can end the crisis only. .
